Training must have a purpose, which is 【C1】______ when a firm analyses its training needs. A review of manpower planning should include a training 【C2】______ which looks carefully at training from the point of view of the company, its various departments and personnel This may show that weaknesses exist in some departments and that, as a result, training is needed for their staff. Training needs are based on an analysis of job descriptions and job specifications. A job description should give details of the performance that is 【C3】______ for a specific job, and a job specification should give information about the behavior. knowledge and skills that are expected 【C4】______ an employee who works in it. When all of this has been 【C5】______ , it is possible to make a training specification. This specifies what the Training Department must teach for the successful performance of the job, and also the best methods to use in training period. There are many different training methods, and there are advantages and disadvantages 【C6】______ all of them. Successful training programs depend on an understanding of the difference between learning about skills and training in using them. It is frequently said that learning about skills takes place 'off the job', in the classroom; but training in using those skills takes place 'on the job', by 【C7】______ of such activities as job rotation and planned experience. It is always difficult to evaluate the costs and savings of a training program. The success of such a program depends not only on the methods used but also on the 【C8】______ of the staff who do the training. A company can often check on savings in time and cost by examining the manual work performed by operators and technicians who 【C9】______ a training program. The evaluation of management and supervisory staff who leave their employment and the number who 【C10】______ from work for reasons of health. 【C1】______