In 1989, Jonathan Schaeffer at the University of Alberta in Edmonton of Canada began his long-term goal of conquering the game of checkers with his program Chinook. In a 40-game match in 1992 against longtime Checkers World Champion Marion Tinsley, Chinook lost 4–2 with 34 draws. In 1994, their match was tied after six games, when Tinsley had to forfeit because of health reasons. Since that time, Schaeffer & his team have been working to solve checkers from both the end of the game (all eight-pieces & fewer endings) as well as from the beginning.