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【单选题】
While most people think of the prototypical geek(表演滑稽戏的人) when defining computer programmers, the field is becoming more diverse as more people enter the field, attracted by high salaries. However, successful software developers are intelligent, abstract thinkers who are good with mathematics and logical reasoning. A programmer must be able to pay attention to details, since as Sean Tierney, an IT manager at an Internet start-up, notes, 'abstract thinking is needed, not ambiguous thinking. You have to be able to pay attention to details. A misplaced comma will stop the application from functioning. In programming either the application works or it doesn't.' Software development is still a male dominated field. The current programming culture is still known for lax attitudes towards time-keeping and dress codes—not to mention to distaste for authority. The combination of high salaries and high demand allows these professionals to have more control over their working conditions. 'Managing programmers is like herding cats' is a common expression in the industry. Contrary to the geek stereotype, communication skills are very important, both written and verbal. Many good software engineers prefer clearly defined specifications and well documented code so that future programmers have a lucid understanding of what has already been done. A typical dot-com will have only a few software engineers because of high costs. Therefore, a staff programmer may be called upon to represent and explain technical requirements to other staff, clients, and partners. The salaries are quite high in this field, ranging from $50K to $120K+, depending on the years of experience, educational background, range of languages and skills, management level(such as development lead), and industry. Note that start-ups may pay significantly less than banks or other major corporations and consultants may earn significantly more than their full-time, one-company counterparts. Nevertheless, most employees prefer to work at lower-paying dot-corns and software development houses because they prefer more relaxed, egalitarian company cultures. No matter what the industry, benefits include stock options and bonuses, although these too vary from place to place. Most of the top salaries require some management responsibilities as well as programming. There is a cap for those who wish to avoid management and just code for the rest of their lives. Programmers who decide to move into management or who start their own businesses often stop programming eventually as business requirements take up most of their time and they are unable to keep current in the field. Why more and more people became interested in becoming computer programmers?
A.
Because the job is very interesting.
B.
Because they can get well paid in this profession.
C.
Because it takes no great efforts to learn to do it.
D.
Because of the high social status of the professionals.
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举一反三
【判断题】标志变异指标不仅可以衡量平均数代表性的大小还可以反映社会经济活动过程的均衡性。
A.
正确
B.
错误
【判断题】 负强化就是通过在行为之后出现一种厌恶刺激进行行为矫正的技术。
A.
正确
B.
错误
【多选题】标志变异指标可以反映( )。
A.
平均数代表性大小
B.
总体单位标志值分布的集中趋势
C.
现象总体中变量分布的离散程度
D.
社会生产过程的均衡性
E.
产品质量的稳定性
【多选题】标志变异指标的主要作用是(    )。
A.
衡量平均数代表性的大小
B.
反映社会经济活动过程的节奏性和均衡性
C.
可以反映总体单位的均匀性和稳定性
D.
科学地确定必要的抽样单位的因素
E.
分析社会经济现象某总体的变动趋势
【判断题】标志变异指标是不可以用来衡量平均数代表性的大小。
A.
正确
B.
错误
【简答题】 正强化
【判断题】 负强化是一种让行为增加的行为矫正技术。
A.
正确
B.
错误
【简答题】 正强化就是在某一行为后通过呈现令人________来加强行为的过程。例如,鸽子啄红色键得到食物,儿童穿一套新衣服得到更多的称赞。
【简答题】 正强化物
【单选题】 下列关于强化理论的说法正确的是()
A.
强化理论是美国心理学家马斯洛首先提出的
B.
所谓正强化就是惩罚那些不符合组织目标的行为,以使这些行为削弱直至消失
C.
连续的、固定的正强化能够使每一次强化都起到较大的效果
D.
实施负强化、应当连续负强化为主
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