Passage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illness may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choices based upon current medical knowledge. We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health. If we so desire, we can smoke, drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever foods we want, and live a completely sedentary life-style. without any exercise. The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society, although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned. Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty. As one example, a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do. A multitude of factors, both inherited and environmental, influence the development of health-related behaviors, and it is beyond the scope of this text to dicuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual. However, the decision to adopt a particular health-related behaviour is usually one of personal choices. There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices. In discussing the moral of personal choice, Fries and Crapo drew a comparison. They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior. that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide. Thus, for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life, personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity. The study of the human behaviors involves inquiry into the content, form, varieties, and significance of human experience. We may better understand this type of inquiry if we compare it to the inquiry of the natural scientist, which studies the objective world. We attribute values of many sorts to things, people, and happenings. All of this helps to shape our choice of life and world. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 第57题：According to the passage, what is the author’s attitude towards personal choices relative to health in America ? A) Personal choices relative to health will help people prevent an estimated 90 percent of all illness. B) Personal choices relative to health is very important, which people usually ignore. C) People do not like to see personal choices relative to health restricted. D) People should have wisdom in making personal choices relative to health .