听力原文： Presenter: Good morning, everybody. I'm Jane Winter and I'm here to tell you a little about the possibility of volunteer work in Africa. If you're looking for volunteer work in Africa there are plenty of opportunities available. Let's look at the different types of volunteer opportunities available in Africa, what to expect when volunteering in Africa and stories from volunteers who have worked in Africa. Volunteering means something different to almost every organisation you come across. Some agencies will cover your Q31 flight and cost of living while you are working and some are tree 'volunteer' projects and expect you to cover all costs for the privilege of the experience. If you are looking for a more meaningful way to spend a few months in Africa Q32 than simply travelling around, volunteering is a wonderful way to spend your time. Most jobs that last less than a year or so are going to be the ones you have to pay for. Jobs that require a commitment of more than a year will Q33 often offer a basic stipend to cover some of your costs. Whether you get paid and how much you get paid will also depend on your skills and how much they are in demand. Most paid volunteer opportunities in Africa are available to those who have a university education and/or a practical skill. Engineers, doctors, nurses, environmentalists, emergency relief personnel and teachers are among the most asked for by volunteer agencies. If an organisation doesn't require you to have specific skills then Q34 you will usually have to pay your own expenses as a volunteer. In general Q35 most organisations working in Africa try and recruit as many local people as possible rather than foreigners, since the projects should continue long after you have returned home. So don't take it personally if your intention to help people in Africa is rejected, it may just be that a local person is better suited to do the job. What should you expect when you volunteer to work in Africa? Conditions are usually basic. Most volunteer opportunities take place in rural areas where you may not have ready access to running water and electricity. Q36 Housing can be very basic and you will likely be staying with local families. A word about cultural adaptability. As in most countries in the world rural Q37 communities are usually more traditional than urban centres. As you will be working closely with the local population you will have to dress and behave in accordance with what is acceptable locally. General pace of life and work is much slower than in the west. Don't expect any organisation to run efficiently and without glitches. Getting sick can be a problem. If you're spending more than just a few weeks in Africa, especially sub-Saharan Africa, your chances of getting malaria or bilharzia will also increase. Make sure you take all the medicine and precautions you need. The organisation you work with should brief you about health issues and don't forget that local nurses and doctors will have plenty of experience with these common afflictions—probalby more than your doctor at home. Initially you may also have some problems Q38 getting used to different food and water. Anyone who has volunteered in Africa will probably tell you that the biggest impact their project had was not on the community but on themselves. Spending time immersed in another culture will change the way you look at life and is part of the appeal of volunteering. Before you decide to volunteer in Africa you may be interested to learn what the typical experiences <