Once we have language, we can put our ideas together and to have a prosperity that we couldn't have before we it. And this is why our species has prospered around the world while the rest of the animals sit behind bars in , languishing. That's why we build space shuttles and cathedrals while the rest of the world sticks sticks into the ground to extract termites. All right, if this view of language and its value in solving the of visual theft is true, any species that it should show an explosion of creativity and prosperity. And this is exactly what the archeological record shows. If you look at our , the Neanderthals and the Homo erectus, our immediate ancestors, they're to small regions of the world. But when our species arose about 200,000 years ago, sometime after that we quickly walked out of Africa and spread around the entire world, nearly every habitat on Earth. Now whereas other species are confined to places that their genes them to, with social learning and language, we could the environment to suit our needs. And so we prospered in a way that no other animal has. Language really is the most potent trait that has ever evolved. It is the most trait we have for converting new land s and into more people and their genes that natural selection has ever devised.