Extracellular matrix is the place where the extracellular fluid can be found.

It transmits information in the form of chemical messengers to the cells.

It consists of a mixture of protein molecules which is similar for any tissue.

The proteins of the extracellular matrix consist of fibers and a mixture of other proteins.

In connective tissues, extracellular matrix is abundant and carries the mechanical load. In other tissues, such as epithelia, extracellular matrix is sparse, and the cells are directly joined to one another and carry the mechanical load themselves.

Animal connective tissues are enormously varied. They can be tough and flexible like tendons or the dermis of the skin; hard and dense like bone; resilient and shock-absorbing like cartilage; or soft and transparent like the jelly that fills the interior of the eye. In all these examples, the bulk of the tissue is occupied by extracellular matrix, and the cells that produce the matrix are scattered within it like raisins in a pudding; the tensile strength—whether great or small—is chiefly provided not by a polysaccharide, as it is in the cell wall of plants, but by fibrous proteins, principally collagens.

The various types of connective tissues owe their specific characters to the type of collagen that they contain, to its quantity, and, most importantly, to the other molecules that are interwoven with it in varying proportions.

These other molecules include the rubbery protein elastin, which gives the walls of arteries their resilience as blood pulses through them, as well as a host of specialized polysaccharide molecules.

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肿瘤增大压迫脑组织，局部颅内压增高出现头痛

肿瘤压迫视交叉出现视力减退、视野缺损

海绵窦综合征：压迫第Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ对脑神经，上睑下垂、眼外肌麻痹和复视

下丘脑综合征：尿崩症、睡眠饮食异常、体温调节障碍、性格改变

垂体卒中：瘤体内出血坏死剧烈头痛、视力减退、定向力障碍、昏迷

Epidermal growth factor

Fibronectin

Integrin

Platelet-derived growth factor

Type IV collagen

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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