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Questions 11 and 15 are based on the following passage. That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the “first-night” effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect. Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did. Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.14. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?
A.
She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.
B.
She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment.
C.
She exposed her participants to two different stimuli.
D.
She compared the responses of different participants.
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参考答案:
举一反三
【单选题】CO中毒时下列哪项是不正确的
A.
老人和孩子易患
B.
老人应与脑血管以外鉴别
C.
严重中毒血液COHb浓度可高于50%
D.
应立即原地抢救
E.
迟发脑病恢复较慢
【单选题】CO中毒时最容易遭受损害的脏器是( )
A.
B.
肾和肺
C.
脑和心脏
D.
胰腺
E.
肺和脑
【单选题】gifts在第二段中的意思是( )
A.
礼物
B.
天赋
【单选题】以下是正确的C语言标识符是( )
A.
#define
B.
_3a21
C.
%d
D.
\n
【单选题】直流电动机的机械特性描述了( )的对应关系。
A.
转速与电压
B.
转速和电流
C.
转矩和电压
D.
转速和转矩
【判断题】Scratch是一种图示化编程工具,是初学编程的首选软件。
A.
正确
B.
错误
【单选题】CO中毒时下列不正确的是
A.
严重中毒血液COHb浓度可高于50%
B.
迟发脑病恢复较慢
C.
老人应与脑血管意外鉴别
D.
应立即原地抢救
E.
老人和孩子易患
【简答题】直流电动机的机械特性描述了()的对应关系。
【判断题】以下正确的 C 语言标识符是( )。 A . %X B . a+b C . a123 D . test!A. 1 B. 2 C. √ D. 3
A.
正确
B.
错误
【单选题】下列文件格式不能由FLASH文件导出的是?
A.
EXE
B.
SWF
C.
PPT
D.
HTML
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